The following is a summary of SAE J1100. Scope This SAE Recommended Practice defines standardized measurements and procedures for vehicle dimensions, focusing primarily on design intent within a CAD environment, although some measurements can also be taken on physical vehicles. Variations may occur between design and actual measurements, and care should be taken not to…
Towing might seem simple at first glance, but behind every smooth ride with a trailer attached is some impressive engineering at play. Whether you’re hauling a boat to the lake, pulling an RV on a road trip, or towing a heavy-duty work trailer, understanding the mechanics and science behind towing is essential for safety and…
The following is a summary of SAE J1052. Forward Foreword—Changes in This Revision—This document has been updated to align with the changes made to SAE J941 eyellipses. While the size and shape of the head position contours remain unchanged, their positioning in Class A vehicles has been adjusted upward and rearward. The procedure for locating…
The following is a summary of SAE J4004. Forward This document outlines the guidelines for positioning and posturing the H-point design tool (HPD) and establishing key reference points like the seating reference point (SgRP) used in designing driver and passenger seat positions. It introduces a new method for determining driver seat track length and positioning…
Physics often focuses on simplifying complex phenomena to better understand and predict the natural world. This art of idealization is a cornerstone of mechanics, where we frequently encounter the concept of a “particle” or “point mass.” Within this context, the moment of inertia plays a crucial role, particularly in rotational dynamics. In thermodynamic equilibrium, all…
Modern automobiles are intricate technical systems composed of several vehicle systems each with specific design functions. Many of these systems include thousands of parts, which have evolved through advancements or the introduction of new technologies. Additionally, some vehicle systems have been developed in response to factors like air pollution, safety regulations, or competition among manufacturers….
A transmission, also known as a gearbox, is a mechanical device that utilizes a set of gears working in tandem. In a car, the transmission, or gearbox, serves as the mechanism that transfers power from the engine to the wheels. It does this through a system of gears and gear trains. It enables the driver…
An internal combustion engine (ICE or IC engine) is a heat engine. There are two commonly used reciprocating heat engines found on the market today. The spark ignition (SI) engines and compression ignition (CI) engines. Due to their different ignition mechanisms, these engines have varying fuel property requirements. For instance, SI engines need volatile fuel…
The automotive industry encompasses all companies and activities involved in producing motor vehicles. The industry’s main products are passenger cars and light trucks, including pickups, vans, and sport utility vehicles. Commercial vehicles, like delivery trucks and 18- 18-wheelers (often called semis), are secondary to the industry. The term “automotive” originates from the Greek word “autos”…
Lean manufacturing is focused on reducing time in the production system while improving response times from suppliers and customers. It’s closely related to just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing, which aligns production with demand by only producing goods that have been ordered. Both approaches aim to boost efficiency, productivity, and continuous improvement while minimizing waste for both producers…