Abstract The Li-ion Second Life Batteries application is of growing interest with significant potential to address sustainability and environmental challenges. By 2040, an estimated 3.4 million kilograms of LIB cells from electric vehicles (EVs) could potentially enter the waste stream. However, these batteries still have many useful years ahead of them. Instead of being trashed,…
Similar to all-electric vehicles (EVs) a Hydrogen Car/Fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV), utilizes electricity to drive an electric motor. However, unlike other EVs, FCEVs generate electricity using a hydrogen-powered fuel cell instead of relying on a battery for power. While FCEVs could be designed with plug-in capabilities similar to PHEVs to charge the battery. Most…
Welcome to “Car Assembly Process 101,” where we delve into the fascinating world of how cars are built, piece by piece, into the marvels of engineering we see on the roads today. The car assembly process is a complex process that relies on a reliable supply chain to ensure uninterrupted production. This process involves the…
Automotive design is a creative process that defines the physical appearance of vehicles, including cars, trucks, and motorcycles. Automotive designers are responsible for styling a vehicle’s interior and exterior. You might love or hate the design of a car, but there is no doubt that car design plays a big role in the development of…
Car wind noise can be heard inside of your vehicle while driving on the highway and is the audible result of high-pressure air attempting to escape as you accelerate. This whooshing sound, high-pitched, enters through the smallest gaps or openings in the vehicle’s exterior. In automotive design, as with other design fields, variations and uncertainties…
Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are driven by both an internal combustion engine and one or more electric motors, utilizing energy stored in batteries. Unlike fully electric vehicles and Plug in Hybrids (PHEVs), HEVs cannot be directly plugged in to charge their batteries. Instead, the battery is recharged through regenerative braking and by the internal combustion…
Have you ever wondered how a conventional powertrain makes your car move? Today, we’re diving into the world of conventional powertrains, the beating heart of most vehicles on the road. In a conventional powertrain, an internal combustion engine (ICE), transforms the stored energy from gasoline or diesel fuel into kinetic energy within the engine. This…
Alright, so let’s talk about vehicle performance and driveability! Many young car owners struggle with the misconception that modifying a car doesn’t affect its driveability. But what exactly is driveability? And how does it differ from vehicle performance? When we talk about vehicle performance, we’re talking about how well a car can do its thing,…
We all know that the braking system in a car is super important! That has never changed however, in the ever-evolving landscape of automotive technology, the advent of electrified vehicles has ushered in a new era of sustainability and efficiency. Every electric and plug-in hybrid vehicle available in the U.S. today features a regenerative braking…
In the rapidly evolving landscape of automotive technology, electrified vehicles have taken center stage, promising a cleaner, more sustainable future for transportation. As we embrace the shift towards electric mobility, understanding the intricacies of vehicle dynamics and energy management becomes paramount. Among the many factors influencing the efficiency of electrified vehicles, vehicle longitudinal dynamics plays…