A blood warmer is to be used during the transfusion of blood to a patient. This device is to heat blood taken from the Blood Bank at 10°C to 37°C at a flow rate of 200 mL/min. The blood passes through tubing of length 2 m, with a rectangular cross-section of 6.4 mm x 1.6…
A spherical interplanetary probe of 0.5-m diameter contains electronics that dissipate 150 W. If the probe surface has an emissivity of 0.8 and it does not receive radiation from other surfaces, such as the sun, what is its surface temperature of the probe? All sample problems and notes are based on the following textbook: Fundamentals…
A square isothermal chip is of width w = 5 mm on a side and is mounted in a substrate such that its side and back surfaces are well insulated, while the front surface is exposed to the flow of a coolant at T_infinity = I5 °C. From reliability considerations, the chip temperature must not…
You’ve experienced convection cooling if you’ve ever extended your hand out the window of a moving vehicle or into a flowing water stream. With the surface of your hand at a temperature of 30 °C. determine the convection heat flux for a vehicle speed of 35 km/h in air at -5 °C with a convection…
An array of 10 silicon chips, each of length L=10 mm on a side, is insulated on one surface and cooled on the opposite surface by atmospheric air in parallel flow with T∞=24°C and u∞=40m/s. When in use, the same electrical power is dissipated in each chip, maintaining a uniform heat flux over the entire cooled surface….
Experimental results for heat transfer over a flat plate with an extremely rough surface were found to be correlated by an expression of the form Nux=0.04 Rex0.9 Pr1/3 where Nux is the local value of the Nusselt number at a position x measured from the leading edge of the plate. Obtain an expression for the ratio of…
A spherical interplanetary probe of 0.5-m diameter contains electronics that dissipate 150 W. If the probe surface has an emissivity of 0.8 and it does not receive radiation from other surfaces, such as the sun, what is the surface temperature of the probe?
The 5-mm-thick bottom of a 200-mm-diameter pan may be made from aluminum (k = 240 W/m·K.) or copper (k = 390 W/m·K.). When used to boil water, the surface of the bottom exposed to the water is nominally at 110 °C. If heat is transferred from the stove to the pan at a rate of…
A glass window of width W= 1 m and height H = 2 m is 5 mm thick and has a thermal conductivity of kg 1.4 W/m·K. If the inner and outer surface temperatures of the glass are 15°C and -20°C, respectively, on a cold winter day, what is the rate of heat loss through…
The thermal conductivity of a sheet of rigid, extruded insulation is reported to be k = 0.029 W/m·K, the measured temperature difference across a 20mm-thick sheet of the material is T1-T2 =10°C. (a) What is the heat flux through a 2m x 2m sheet of insulation? (b) What is the rate of heat transfer through…